PORT DUES AS THE MAIN SOURCE OF FINANCING OF THE PERMANENT STRUCTURES OF THE MARITIME TRANSPORT SYSTEM


Keywords: seaports, port infrastructure, classification of the port dues, pricing policy.

Abstract

Topicality. Maintaining of the permanent structures of the maritime transport system in proper condition is one of the components of the domestic seaports competitiveness. The relevance of the problem of the permanent structures financing is based on the high degree of port infrastructure deterioration and lack of investment for its development. Today in Ukraine the only source of funds for the development of permanent structures of the maritime transport system is the port dues, which are among the highest in the world. This fact negatively affects on the cargo turnover of Ukrainian seaports. So, the issue of port dues is relevant and requires a thorough study. There are discrepancies in the existing differentiation of port dues rates in Ukraine and in the world, between the number of port dues in the competitive Ukrainian ports. The disputable issue is the methodology for collecting port dues.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is the theoretical and methodical development of the basic provisions of the port dues system reformation, paying attention on the financing of the permanent structures of the maritime transport system. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to study the essence of port dues, to develop their classification, to analyze international experience, to study the legislative regulation of the port dues system in Ukraine.
Research results. The article outlines the main schemes for collecting port dues, analyzes the types of port dues in Ukraine, identifies the main problems. The port dues classification is systematized by author. On the basis of the analysis of Administration of seaports of Ukraine revenues it was found that the share of port dues in the income structure is about 70 %. The analysis of the dynamics of cargo turnover indicators and the income from the port dues was carried out. In view of the analysis, the list of directions is proposed in order to improve the port dues system in Ukraine. It is analyzed the legislative framework and the Methodology the calculation of port dues.
Conclusions. The proposed ways of improving the mechanism of collection of port dues will improve the efficiency of functioning of the port industry in Ukraine in conditions of high competition among the Black Sea ports. Prospects for future research in the field of port dues collection are based on the economic justification of each type of port dues.

Author Biography

N.A. REMZINA

Senior Engineer, Market of Transport Services Department
Institute Of Market Problems And Economic & Ecological Research of the
National Academy Of Sciences Of Ukraine,
Frantsuzskiy Boulevard, 29, Odesa, Ukraine

References

1. Oneshko S.V., Kravchenko Yu.V. (2018) Napryamky` udoskonalennya sy`stemy` formuvannya portovy`x zboriv v portax Ukrayiny` [The ways of improvement of the system of formation of port dues in the ports of Ukraine] Molody`j vcheny`j – Young scientist, 4 (56), 824-830 [in Ukrainian].
2. Portovye sbory: gibkost' vazhnee razmera [Port dues: flexibility is more important than size.]. Retrieved from: https://ports.com.ua/articles/portovye-sbory-gibkost-vazhnee-razmera [in Russian].
3. Vlasova V.P., Beregova T.O., Pidgrushna A.V. (2014) Portovi zbory` v mors`ky`x portax Ukrayiny` [Port charges in seaports of Ukraine] Global`ni ta nacional`ni problemy` ekonomiky` – Global and national problems of the economy, 2, 431-435 [in Ukrainian].
4. Kivalov S.V. (2017) Portovi zbory` v Ukrayini: poshuk opty`mal`noyi modeli konkurentnoyi tary`fnoyi polity`ky [Port dues in Ukraine: search for an optimal model of competitive tariff policy] LEX PORTUS, 1(3), 5-21 [in Ukrainian].
5. Zhy`xareva V.V. (2016) Metodologichni pidxody` do formuvannya portovy`x zboriv v mors`ky`x portax [Methodological approaches to the formation of port dues in the seaports]. Visny`k ekonomiky`, transportu ta promy`slovosti - Journal of Economics, Transport and Industry, 54, 241-247 [in Ukrainian].
6. Judina N.I. (2014) Portovye sbory: priroda, funkcii, shemy vzimanija [Port dues: nature, functions, charging schemes]. Rossijskoe predprinimatel'stvo – Russian business., 15, 7, 101-112 [in Russian].
7. Portovye sbory: chto? Gde? Kogda? [Port dues: what? Where? When?] Retrieved from: https://logist.fm/publications/portovye-sbory-chto-gde-kogda [in Russian].
8. Bodrovceva N.Ju. (2017) Jekonomicheskaja sushhnost' portovyh sborov kak ob`ekta gosudarstvennogo regulirovanija [The economic essence of port dues as an object of state regulation] Transport business in Russia, 4, 18-22 [in Russian].
9. Basic Port Tariffs / Port Constanta: Retrieved from: http://www.portofconstantza.com/apmc/portal/static.do?package_id=tarife _apmc_baza&x=load [in English]
10. Ne vhodit' - dorogo: pochemu v ukrainskih portah samyj dorogoj sudozahod v mire [Do not enter - it is expensive: why is the call to the Ukrainian ports the most expensive in the world] Centr transportnih strategіj - Center of Transport Strategies. Retrieved from: https://cfts.org.ua/articles/ne_vkhodit__dorogo_pochemu_v_ukrainskikh_por takh_samyy_dorogoy_sudozakhod_v_mire_1006 [in Russian].
11. Mihajlova V. (2010) Transshipment kak zerkalo transportnyh problem [Transshipment as a mirror of transport problems] Porty Ukrainy – Ports of Ukraine, 08 (100), 36-39 [in Russian].
12. Zakon Ukrayiny` "Pro mors`ki porty`" [The Law of Ukraine " The seaports of Ukraine "] Verxovna Rada Ukrayiny` 17.05.2012 № 4709-VI Retrieved from: http://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/4709-17 [in Ukrainian].
13. Nakaz Ministerstva infrastruktury` Ukrayiny` «Poryadku obliku ta vy`kory`stannya koshtiv vid portovy`x zboriv» [Order of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine "Procedure of the Accounting and Use of Funds from Port dues"] 27.05.2013, 316 [in Ukrainian].
14. Poyasnyuval`na zapy`ska do finansovogo planu DP «Administraciya mors`ky`x portiv Ukrayiny`» [Explanatory note to the financial plan of the "Administration of the Seaports of Ukraine"] Retrieved from: https://mtu.gov.ua/news/28897.html [in Ukrainian].
15. Strategiya rozvy`tku mors`ky`x portiv Ukrayiny` na period do 2038 roku, zatverdzhena rozporyadzhennyam Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrayiny` [Strategy of development of seaports of Ukraine for the period up to 2038, approved by the order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine] 11.07.2013, 548-r, Oficijny`j visny`k Ukrayiny` – Official bulletin of Ukraine. 2013, 61. St. 2194 [in Ukrainian].
16. Proekt nakazu Ministerstva infrastruktury` Ukrayiny` «Pro zatverdzhennya Metody`ky` rozraxunku rozmiriv stavok portovy`x zboriv» [Draft order of the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine "On Approval of the Methodology of calculating of the port dues rates"] Retrieved from: https://mtu.gov.ua/projects/view.php?P=175 [in Ukrainian].
17. Minfin mozhet povysit' normu otchislenija pribyli AMPU do 90 % [The Ministry of Finance can increase the rate of profit allotment of AMPU to 90%] Retrieved from: https://ports.com.ua/news/minfin-mozhet-povysit-normu-otchisleniya-pribyli-ampu-do-90 [in Russian].
18. Reformirovanie sistemy portovyh sborov: doklad AMPU [Reforming the port dues system: report of the AMPU] Retrieved from: https://ports.com.ua/articles/reformirovanie-sistemy-portovykh-sborov-doklad-ampu [in Russian].
19. Investicii v razvitie portov: est' li svet v konce tonnelja? [Investments in the port development: is there light at the end of the tunnel?] Retrieved from: https://ports.com.ua/opinions/investitsii-v-razvitie-portov-est-li-svet-v-kontse-tonnelya [in Russian].
20. Reformirovanie sistemy portovyh sborov: doklad AMPU [Reforming the port dues system: report of the AMPU] Retrieved from: https://ports.com.ua/articles/reformirovanie-sistemy-portovykh-sborov-doklad-ampu [in Russian].
21. Investicii v razvitie portov: est' li svet v konce tonnelja? [Investments in the port development: is there light at the end of the tunnel?] Retrieved from: https://ports.com.ua/opinions/investitsii-v-razvitie-portov-est-li-svet-v-kontse-tonnelya [in Russian].
22. Zhy`xareva V.V. (2016) Metodologichni pidxody` do formuvannya portovy`x zboriv v mors`ky`x portax [Methodological approaches to the formation of port dues in the seaports]. Visny`k ekonomiky`, transportu ta promy`slovosti – Journal of Economics, Transport and Industry, 54, 241-247 [in Ukrainian].
Published
2019-03-20
How to Cite
REMZINA, N. (2019). PORT DUES AS THE MAIN SOURCE OF FINANCING OF THE PERMANENT STRUCTURES OF THE MARITIME TRANSPORT SYSTEM. Economic Innovations, 21(1(70), 134-145. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.1(70).134-145